Video
My Top 5 Herbs for Mental ClarityCitrus aurantium for mental clarity -
Bae D, Kim J, Na JR, Kim Y, Lee JY and Kim S: Anti-amnesic effect of Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. View Article : Google Scholar. Jung EY, Lee MS, Ahn CJ, Cho SH, Bae H and Shim I: The neuroprotective effect of gugijihwang-tang on trimethyltin-induced memory dysfunction in the rat.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Kim MJ, Lee J, Seong AR, Lee YH, Kim YJ, Baek HY, Kim YJ, Jun WJ and Yoon HG: Neuroprotective effects of Eriobotrya japonica against β-amyloid-induced oxidative stress and memory impairment. Food Chem Toxicol. Zhang SJ, Luo D, Li L, Tan RR, Xu QQ, Qin J, Zhu L, Luo NC, Xu TT, Zhang R, et al: Ethyl acetate extract components of bushen-yizhi formula provides neuroprotection against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment.
Sci Rep. Barnes DE and Yaffe K: The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence. Lancet Neurol. Yeon SW, You YS, Kwon HS, Yang EH, Ryu JS, Kang BH and Kang JH: Fermented milk of Lactobacillus helveticus IDCC reduces beta-amyloid and attenuates memory deficit.
J Funct Foods. Chu YF, Chang WH, Black RM, Liu JR, Sompol P, Chen Y, Wei H, Zhao Q and Cheng IH: Crude caffeine reduces memory impairment and amyloid β levels in an Alzheimer's mouse model. Food Chem. Ali T, Yoon GH, Shah SA, Lee HY and Kim MO: Osmotin attenuates amyloid beta-induced memory impairment, tau phosphorylation and neurodegeneration in the mouse hippocampus.
Zheng WH, Bastianetto S, Mennicken F, Ma W and Kar S: Amyloid beta peptide induces tau phosphorylation and loss of cholinergic neurons in rat primary septal cultures. Park SK, Jin DE, Park CH, Seung TW, Guo TJ, Song JW, Kim JH, Kim DO and Heo HJ: Ameliorating effects of ethyl acetate fraction from onion Allium cepa L.
flesh and peel in mice following trimethyltin-induced learning and memory impairment. Food Res Int. Choi BK, Kim TW, Lee DR, Jung WH, Lim JH, Jung JY, Yang SH and Suh JW: A polymethoxy flavonoids-rich Citrus aurantium extract ameliorates ethanol-induced liver injury through modulation of AMPK and Nrf2-related signals in a binge drinking mouse model.
Phytother Res. Kim TW, Lee DR, Choi BK, Kang HK, Jung JY, Lim SW, Yang SH and Suh JW: Hepatoprotective effects of polymethoxyflavones against acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication. J Nat Med. Nakajima A, Ohizumi Y and Yamada K: Anti-dementia activity of nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid: A review of animal studies.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. Fujiwara H, Kimura J, Sakamoto M, Yokosuka A, Mimaki Y, Murata K, Yamaguchi K and Ohizumi Y: Nobiletin, a flavone from Citrus depressa, induces gene expression and increases the protein level and activity of neprilysin in SK-N-SH cells.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. Kimura J, Shimizu K, Kajima K, Yokosuka A, Mimaki Y, Oku N and Ohizumi Y: Nobiletin reduces intracellular and extracellular β-Amyloid in iPS cell-derived Alzheimer's disease model neurons.
Biol Pharm Bull. Han HY, Lee SK, Choi BK, Lee DR, Lee HJ and Kim TW: Preventive effect of Citrus aurantium peel extract on high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver in mice. Funato H, Yoshimura M, Kusui K, Tamaoka A, Ishikawa K, Ohkoshi N, Namekata K, Okeda R and Ihara Y: Quantitation of amyloid beta-protein A beta in the cortex during aging and in Alzheimer's disease.
Am J Pathol. Wang Q, Wang C, Shu Z, Chan K, Huang S, Li Y, Xiao Y, Wu L, Kuang H and Sun X: Valeriana amurensis improves Amyloid-beta 1—42 induced cognitive deficit by enhancing cerebral cholinergic function and protecting the brain neurons from apoptosis in mice. J Ethnopharmacol. Wang G, Chen L, Pan X, Chen J, Wang L, Wang W, Cheng R, Wu F, Feng X, Yu Y, et al: The effect of resveratrol on beta amyloid-induced memory impairment involves inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 related signaling.
Talesa VN: Acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Zhang L, Fang Y, Xu Y, Lian Y, Xie N, Wu T, Zhang H, Sun L, Zhang R and Wang Z: Curcumin improves amyloid β-peptide 1—42 induced spatial memory deficits through BDNF-ERK signaling pathway.
PLoS One. Hu T, Fu Q, Liu X, Zhang H and Dong M: Increased acetylcholinesterase and capase-3 expression in the brain and peripheral immune system of focal cerebral ischemic rats.
J Neuroimmunol. Zhang XJ and Greenberg DS: Acetylcholinesterase involvement in apoptosis. Front Mol Neurosci. Zhang X, Yang L, Zhao Q, Caen JP, He HY, Jin QH, Guo LH, Alemany M, Zhang LY and Shi YF: Induction of acetylcholinesterase expression during apoptosis in various cell types.
Cell Death Differ. Wang M, Li Y, Ni C and Song G: Honokiol attenuates oligomeric amyloid βinduced Alzheimer's disease in mice through attenuating mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway.
Cell Physiol Biochem. Paradis E, Douillard H, Koutroumanis M, Goodyer C and LeBlanc A: Amyloid beta peptide of Alzheimer's disease downregulates Bcl-2 and upregulates Bax expression in human neurons. J Neurosci. October Volume 20 Issue 4.
Sign up for eToc alerts. You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy. I agree. Home Submit Manuscript My Account. Advanced Search. Register Login. Oncology Letters International Journal of Oncology Molecular and Clinical Oncology Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine International Journal of Molecular Medicine Biomedical Reports Oncology Reports Molecular Medicine Reports World Academy of Sciences Journal International Journal of Functional Nutrition International Journal of Epigenetics Medicine International.
Molecular Medicine Reports. Journal Home Current Issue Forthcoming Issue Special Issues Open Special Issues About Special Issues Submit Paper Most Read Most Cited Dimensions Past Two Years Total Most Cited CrossRef Past Year 0 Total Social Media Past Month Past Year Total Archive Information Online Submission Information for Authors Language Editing Information for Reviewers Editorial Policies Editorial Board Join Editorial Board Aims and Scope Abstracting and Indexing Bibliographic Information Information for Librarians Information for Advertisers Reprints and permissions Contact the Editor General Information About Spandidos Conferences Job Opportunities Contact Terms and Conditions.
Metrics: Total Views: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics: Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics:. Cited By CrossRef : 0 citations Loading Articles This article is mentioned in:. Introduction Dementia is a brain disorder in which learning and memory are compromised by various complex factors 1.
Materials and methods Sample preparation The CAE was supplied by KPLC Group Paris, France and prepared as described previously. Aβ 1—42 injection and drug administration Aβ 1—42 was dissolved in sterile 0.
Figure 1. Experimental protocol of the present study. Figure 2. Figure 3. Table I. Distance mm Treatment Day 24 Day 25 Day 26 Day 27 Control 1, Aβ 1—42 group. Figure 4. Table II. Effect of nobiletin and CAE on AchE activity in the cortex and hippocampus of mice.
Figure 5. Related Articles. This site uses cookies. Dosage and Interactions:. The recommended dosage is — mg of the extract. Similar to grapefruit, citrus aurantium interacts with the medications that are metabolized by the enzyme complex called cytochrome P Citrus aurantium should be avoided in the following conditions:.
Log in Register. Don't have an account yet? Register now! Remember Me. Citrus Aurantium: Also known as bitter orange , Seville orange , zhi chi , and chongcao , citrus aurantium is a member of citrus trees and its fruits and leaves have been used for medicinal and athletic purposes.
The peels of bitter orange contain synephrine, octopamine, tyramine, hordenine, N-methyltyramine, volatile oils , and carotenoids. Athletic Benefits of Citrus Aurantium: Since ephedrine has been banned in sports, synephrine — containing citrus aurantium may be a good alternative.
The potential athletic benefits are as follows: May improve athletic performance by acting as a mild stimulant. Promotes mental clarity. Bitter Orange — the fruit, Petitgrain oil — the leaves and twigs, and lastly Neroli from the sweet fragrant white flowers.
Bitter Orange oil has a zesty, refreshing, sharp, and citrus aroma, and therefore can be best described as a cross between the Sweet Orange and Grapefruit. Not surprisingly,Bitter Orange and Sweet Orange have similar properties.
Antiseptic, antibacterial, and astringent, particularly useful for dull, oily, congested, acne prone skin. Bitter Orange reduces inflammation caused by sensitive skin conditions.
Blended with vegetable based creams or lotions, It has a softening, regenerative effect on the skin, and therefore good for all skin types. Digestive complaints are helped such as constipation, diarrhoea, flatulence as well as stomach cramps.
In winter, regular use of Bitter Orange in Aromatherapy Massage or inhalation serves to strengthen the respiratory system. Therefore an advantageous oil to have in the home to ward of influenza and colds. It has an uplifting effect on the psyche, and consequently promotes mental clarity, whilst dispelling feelings of anger and frustration.
This is a preview of subscription content, log Citeus via an institution. Auramtium to display preview. Download preview PDF. Webber HJ. History and development of the citrus industry. In: Reuther W, Webber HJ, Batchelor LD, eds. Berkeley University of California Press,pp. Firstlythe Approaches for managing sugar imbalances Orange tree originated from Cutrus Asia and later exported Claarity the Mediterranean. Today trees auantium as faraway Injury management and recovery for youth athletes United States and South America. Interestingly there are three essential oils from this one tree. Bitter Orange — the fruit, Petitgrain oil — the leaves and twigs, and lastly Neroli from the sweet fragrant white flowers. Bitter Orange oil has a zesty, refreshing, sharp, and citrus aroma, and therefore can be best described as a cross between the Sweet Orange and Grapefruit. Not surprisingly,Bitter Orange and Sweet Orange have similar properties.Citrus aurantium for mental clarity -
The MWM is an assessment method to evaluate hippocampal-dependent learning abilities and cognitive deficits in rodents. The animals were trained to learn spatial working information at the learning stage and assisted to build future memory These results are consistent with those of previous studies that show Aβ-induced memory deficits in an MWM task than those in the saline group As a result of two trials for 4 days on the MWM task, CAE treatment reduced escape latency in the second trial compared to the first trial, and escape time decreased over training days.
The nobiletin administration group showed similar escape latency for 4 days in the first trial, and the escape latency decreased rapidly on Day 26 in the second trial. Although the pattern of escape latency of the CAE and nobiletin group was slightly different, the mean escape latency was decreased to a similar pattern.
This means that CAE and nobiletin administration showed significant decreases in escape latency, improvement in cognitive performance, and amelioration of the memory deficits. Furthermore, to investigate the neuroprotective effect of CAE and nobiletin, we examined the changes in the Ach system in the hippocampus and cortex.
Ach is an essential enzyme that maintains the normal function of the nervous system and is hydrolyzed by AchE.
In addition, Aβ deposition is increased in the presence of AchE, and AchE activity in AD is related to Aβ deposition Therefore, it is important to reduce the level of AchE, which is used as a marker for the cholinergic nervous system.
Here we found that AchE activity in the cortex was similar to that of CAE and nobiletin. However, nobiletin administration showed significantly lower AchE activity than CAE administration in the hippocampus.
CAE and nobiletin administration benefits on the cholinergic neurotransmission by decreasing AchE activities in the cortex and hippocampus. AchE can also be used as a marker of apoptosis.
AchE expression or activity is increased when the cells undergo apoptosis, and enhanced AchE expression levels are detected in the brain of focal cerebral ischemic rats 26 , AchE is usually present in the cytoplasm and moves to the nucleus before nuclear morphological changes occur.
It then accelerates chromatin condensation and fragmentation by modulating nuclear components Therefore, AchE can be detected on the fragmented nuclei of apoptotic cells, and increased AchE activity implies the occurrence of cell death Apoptosis is triggered via two major pathways: The mitochondrial intrinsic pathway and the death receptor-mediated extrinsic pathway.
In this study, we focused on the mitochondrial pathway, which is regulated by Bcl-2 family and caspases Bcl-2 is a known anti-apoptotic protein, while Bax is a pro-apoptotic protein that promotes apoptosis.
These two proteins are the major factors responsible for cell death regulation. The Bcl-2 and Bax ratio determines whether a cell undergoes or escapes apoptosis 23 , In our study, the Aβ 1—42 injection group had increased Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein expressions compared with the control group, while Bcl-2 protein levels were increased in the control group and reduced in the Aβ 1—treated group.
CAE treatment significantly decreased the Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels and simultaneously increased Bcl-2 protein expression in the hippocampus and cortex. Likewise, the treatments also increased the expression ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax in the cortex and hippocampus.
On the other hand, Bcl-2 protein expression in the nobiletin administration group was increased to a level similar to that of the control group. Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein expressions in the cortex were significantly inhibited by nobiletin treatment, while the Bcl-2 protein level was significantly enhanced compared the control group.
In conclusion, our results indicate that the administration of CAE and nobiletin had a similar neuroprotective effect against Aβ-induced cognitive impairment through reduction of AchE activity and anti-apoptotic activity and regulating the Bcl-2 family and caspase pathway in the cortex and hippocampus.
Our results provide evidence of the dietary intake of CAE or nobiletin as a valuable functional food since it has the ability to reduce cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction.
However, to confirm the neuroprotective effects of CAE and nobiletin, we have to confirm the morphological change of brain tissues in further study. In addition, the effects of CAE and nobiletin on Aβ accumulation in cortex and hippocampus should be studied.
The present study was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries IPET through High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs MAFRA; grant no.
HJL carried out the experiments and wrote the original manuscript. SKL analyzed the experimental data. DRL and BL performed the data processing and quality control assessment.
BKC and SHY designed the study, and proofread and finalized the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Bae D, Kim J, Na JR, Kim Y, Lee JY and Kim S: Anti-amnesic effect of Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats.
J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. View Article : Google Scholar. Jung EY, Lee MS, Ahn CJ, Cho SH, Bae H and Shim I: The neuroprotective effect of gugijihwang-tang on trimethyltin-induced memory dysfunction in the rat.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. Kim MJ, Lee J, Seong AR, Lee YH, Kim YJ, Baek HY, Kim YJ, Jun WJ and Yoon HG: Neuroprotective effects of Eriobotrya japonica against β-amyloid-induced oxidative stress and memory impairment. Food Chem Toxicol. Zhang SJ, Luo D, Li L, Tan RR, Xu QQ, Qin J, Zhu L, Luo NC, Xu TT, Zhang R, et al: Ethyl acetate extract components of bushen-yizhi formula provides neuroprotection against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment.
Sci Rep. Barnes DE and Yaffe K: The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence. Lancet Neurol. Yeon SW, You YS, Kwon HS, Yang EH, Ryu JS, Kang BH and Kang JH: Fermented milk of Lactobacillus helveticus IDCC reduces beta-amyloid and attenuates memory deficit. J Funct Foods.
Chu YF, Chang WH, Black RM, Liu JR, Sompol P, Chen Y, Wei H, Zhao Q and Cheng IH: Crude caffeine reduces memory impairment and amyloid β levels in an Alzheimer's mouse model. Food Chem. Ali T, Yoon GH, Shah SA, Lee HY and Kim MO: Osmotin attenuates amyloid beta-induced memory impairment, tau phosphorylation and neurodegeneration in the mouse hippocampus.
Zheng WH, Bastianetto S, Mennicken F, Ma W and Kar S: Amyloid beta peptide induces tau phosphorylation and loss of cholinergic neurons in rat primary septal cultures. Park SK, Jin DE, Park CH, Seung TW, Guo TJ, Song JW, Kim JH, Kim DO and Heo HJ: Ameliorating effects of ethyl acetate fraction from onion Allium cepa L.
flesh and peel in mice following trimethyltin-induced learning and memory impairment. Food Res Int. Choi BK, Kim TW, Lee DR, Jung WH, Lim JH, Jung JY, Yang SH and Suh JW: A polymethoxy flavonoids-rich Citrus aurantium extract ameliorates ethanol-induced liver injury through modulation of AMPK and Nrf2-related signals in a binge drinking mouse model.
Phytother Res. Kim TW, Lee DR, Choi BK, Kang HK, Jung JY, Lim SW, Yang SH and Suh JW: Hepatoprotective effects of polymethoxyflavones against acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication. J Nat Med. Nakajima A, Ohizumi Y and Yamada K: Anti-dementia activity of nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid: A review of animal studies.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. Fujiwara H, Kimura J, Sakamoto M, Yokosuka A, Mimaki Y, Murata K, Yamaguchi K and Ohizumi Y: Nobiletin, a flavone from Citrus depressa, induces gene expression and increases the protein level and activity of neprilysin in SK-N-SH cells.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. Kimura J, Shimizu K, Kajima K, Yokosuka A, Mimaki Y, Oku N and Ohizumi Y: Nobiletin reduces intracellular and extracellular β-Amyloid in iPS cell-derived Alzheimer's disease model neurons.
Biol Pharm Bull. Han HY, Lee SK, Choi BK, Lee DR, Lee HJ and Kim TW: Preventive effect of Citrus aurantium peel extract on high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver in mice. Funato H, Yoshimura M, Kusui K, Tamaoka A, Ishikawa K, Ohkoshi N, Namekata K, Okeda R and Ihara Y: Quantitation of amyloid beta-protein A beta in the cortex during aging and in Alzheimer's disease.
Am J Pathol. Wang Q, Wang C, Shu Z, Chan K, Huang S, Li Y, Xiao Y, Wu L, Kuang H and Sun X: Valeriana amurensis improves Amyloid-beta 1—42 induced cognitive deficit by enhancing cerebral cholinergic function and protecting the brain neurons from apoptosis in mice.
J Ethnopharmacol. Wang G, Chen L, Pan X, Chen J, Wang L, Wang W, Cheng R, Wu F, Feng X, Yu Y, et al: The effect of resveratrol on beta amyloid-induced memory impairment involves inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 related signaling.
Talesa VN: Acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Zhang L, Fang Y, Xu Y, Lian Y, Xie N, Wu T, Zhang H, Sun L, Zhang R and Wang Z: Curcumin improves amyloid β-peptide 1—42 induced spatial memory deficits through BDNF-ERK signaling pathway.
PLoS One. Hu T, Fu Q, Liu X, Zhang H and Dong M: Increased acetylcholinesterase and capase-3 expression in the brain and peripheral immune system of focal cerebral ischemic rats. J Neuroimmunol. Zhang XJ and Greenberg DS: Acetylcholinesterase involvement in apoptosis. Front Mol Neurosci.
Zhang X, Yang L, Zhao Q, Caen JP, He HY, Jin QH, Guo LH, Alemany M, Zhang LY and Shi YF: Induction of acetylcholinesterase expression during apoptosis in various cell types. Cell Death Differ. Wang M, Li Y, Ni C and Song G: Honokiol attenuates oligomeric amyloid βinduced Alzheimer's disease in mice through attenuating mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway.
Cell Physiol Biochem. Paradis E, Douillard H, Koutroumanis M, Goodyer C and LeBlanc A: Amyloid beta peptide of Alzheimer's disease downregulates Bcl-2 and upregulates Bax expression in human neurons.
J Neurosci. October Volume 20 Issue 4. Sign up for eToc alerts. You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy.
To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy. I agree. Home Submit Manuscript My Account. Advanced Search. Register Login. Oncology Letters International Journal of Oncology Molecular and Clinical Oncology Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine International Journal of Molecular Medicine Biomedical Reports Oncology Reports Molecular Medicine Reports World Academy of Sciences Journal International Journal of Functional Nutrition International Journal of Epigenetics Medicine International.
Molecular Medicine Reports. Journal Home Current Issue Forthcoming Issue Special Issues Open Special Issues About Special Issues Submit Paper Most Read Most Cited Dimensions Past Two Years Total Most Cited CrossRef Past Year 0 Total Social Media Past Month Past Year Total Archive Information Online Submission Information for Authors Language Editing Information for Reviewers Editorial Policies Editorial Board Join Editorial Board Aims and Scope Abstracting and Indexing Bibliographic Information Information for Librarians Information for Advertisers Reprints and permissions Contact the Editor General Information About Spandidos Conferences Job Opportunities Contact Terms and Conditions.
Metrics: Total Views: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics: Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 Spandidos Publications: PMC Statistics:.
Cited By CrossRef : 0 citations Loading Articles This article is mentioned in:. Introduction Dementia is a brain disorder in which learning and memory are compromised by various complex factors 1.
Materials and methods Sample preparation The CAE was supplied by KPLC Group Paris, France and prepared as described previously. Aβ 1—42 injection and drug administration Aβ 1—42 was dissolved in sterile 0.
Figure 1. Experimental protocol of the present study. Figure 2. Figure 3. Table I. Distance mm Treatment Day 24 Day 25 Day 26 Day 27 Control 1, Aβ 1—42 group. Figure 4. Table II. Effect of nobiletin and CAE on AchE activity in the cortex and hippocampus of mice. Figure 5. Related Articles. This site uses cookies.
About Contact Help Cookie Policy Privacy Policy. Spandidos Publications style. Mol Med Rep , Relieving stress and anxiety encourages a restful nights sleep. Blends beautifully with oil Clove or Cinnamon in a diffuser to create a warm, spicy, atmosphere.
Amara 10mls. Orange Bitter — Citrus Aurantium Var. Amara 10mls £ 6. Amara 10mls quantity. SKU: cb7fe Category: Essential Oils Tags: Ascent Therapies , Citrus Aurantium Var. Amara , Essential Oils , Orange Bitter. Description Description Bitter Orange Citrus aurantium var. amara 10mls warm and soothing.
Spain these oranges grow abundantly and are marmalade Interestingly there are three essential oils from this one tree.
Properties Antiseptic, antibacterial, and astringent, particularly useful for dull, oily, congested, acne prone skin.
Blended with vegetable based creams or lotions, It has a softening, regenerative effect on the skin, and therefore good for all skin types Digestive complaints are helped such as constipation, diarrhoea, flatulence as well as stomach cramps.
Emotional It has an uplifting effect on the psyche, and consequently promotes mental clarity, whilst dispelling feelings of anger and frustration This pleasant aroma creates a soothing and uplifting feeling and used in a diffuser, adds cheer to any room.
Related products Cajuput — Melaleuca Cajeputi £ 5.
Synephrine has the Citrys similar to that aurantiuk ephedrine. It is a mild stimulant that Cirtus gotten Injury management and recovery for youth athletes lot of attention in the world of sports nutrition. Synephrine mainly stimulates Beta-3 receptors that are responsible for lipolysis and thermogenesis. Athletic Benefits of Citrus Aurantium:. Since ephedrine has been banned in sports, synephrine — containing citrus aurantium may be a good alternative.
Wacker, mir scheint es der ausgezeichnete Gedanke
Aller ist gut, dass gut zu Ende geht.
Wacker, welche nötige Wörter..., der bemerkenswerte Gedanke